本帖最后由 howtodown 于 2014-11-16 00:42 编辑
问题导读
1.Redis如何通过Java API实现GET、SET、DEL操作?
2.该如何配置对象池?
3.工厂实现如何配置?
前文有述,Spring提供了对于Redis的专门支持:spring-data-redis。此外,类似的还有:
我想大部分人对spring-data-hadoop、spring-data-mongodb、spring-data-redis以及spring-data-jpa表示关注。
一、简述
spring把专门的数据操作独立封装在spring-data系列中,spring-data-redis自然是针对Redis的独立封装了。
当前版本1.0.1,主要是将jedis、jredis、rjc以及srp等Redis Client进行了封装,同时支持事务。已经让我垂涎欲滴了。当然,当前版本不支持Sharding。例如,前文曾经通过Jedis通过Client配置,实现一致性哈希,达到Sharding的目的。再一点,如果你早在spring1.x写过SpringJdbc的话,现在会觉得似曾相识。
在经过一番思想斗争后,我最终放弃了Jedis原生实现,拥抱spring-data-redis了。为什么?因为,我需要一个有事务机制的框架,一个不需要显式调用对象池操作的框架。这些spring-data-redis都解决了。至于Sharding,当前数据量要求还不大,期待Redis 3.0吧。
二、配置
对象池配置:
- <bean id="jedisPoolConfig" class="redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig" >
- <property name="maxActive" value="${redis.pool.maxActive}" />
- <property name="maxIdle" value="${redis.pool.maxIdle}" />
- <property name="maxWait" value="${redis.pool.maxWait}" />
- <property name="testOnBorrow" value="${redis.pool.testOnBorrow}" />
- </bean>
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- <bean id="jedisPoolConfig" class="redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig">
- <property name="maxActive" value="${redis.pool.maxActive}" />
- <property name="maxIdle" value="${redis.pool.maxIdle}" />
- <property name="maxWait" value="${redis.pool.maxWait}" />
- <property name="testOnBorrow" value="${redis.pool.testOnBorrow}" />
- </bean>
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工厂实现:
- <bean id="jedisConnectionFactory" class="org.springframework.data.redis.connection.jedis.JedisConnectionFactory" >
- <property name="hostName" value="${redis.ip}" />
- <property name="port" value="${redis.port}" />
- <property name="poolConfig" ref="jedisPoolConfig" />
- </bean>
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- <bean id="jedisConnectionFactory" class="org.springframework.data.redis.connection.jedis.JedisConnectionFactory">
- <property name="hostName" value="${redis.ip}" />
- <property name="port" value="${redis.port}" />
- <property name="poolConfig" ref="jedisPoolConfig" />
- </bean>
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模板类:
- <bean class="org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate" p:connection-factory-ref="jedisConnectionFactory" />
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- <bean class="org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate" p:connection-factory-ref="jedisConnectionFactory" />
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是不是很像配置一个JdbcTemplate?其实就这么简单。
redis.properties配置如下:
Properties代码- #最大分配的对象数
- redis.pool.maxActive=1024
- #最大能够保持idel状态的对象数
- redis.pool.maxIdle=200
- #当池内没有返回对象时,最大等待时间
- redis.pool.maxWait=1000
- #当调用borrow Object方法时,是否进行有效性检查
- redis.pool.testOnBorrow=true
-
- #IP
- redis.ip=10.11.20.140
- #Port
- redis.port=6379
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当前只能用一个节点,期待Redis 3.0,Sharding吧!
三、GET、SET、DEL操作Redis初来乍练,目前也就是用Memcached多些,只会这些基本的操作,在这里献丑了!
假定做一个UserDao:
- public interface UserDao {
- /**
- * @param uid
- * @param address
- */
- void save(User user);
-
- /**
- * @param uid
- * @return
- */
- User read(String uid);
-
- /**
- * @param uid
- */
- void delete(String uid);
- }
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- public interface UserDao {
- /**
- * @param uid
- * @param address
- */
- void save(User user);
-
- /**
- * @param uid
- * @return
- */
- User read(String uid);
-
- /**
- * @param uid
- */
- void delete(String uid);
- }
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User对象就这么两个属性:
- public class User implements Serializable {
-
- private static final long serialVersionUID = -1267719235225203410L;
-
- private String uid;
-
- private String address;
- }
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- public class User implements Serializable {
-
- private static final long serialVersionUID = -1267719235225203410L;
-
- private String uid;
-
- private String address;
- }
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实现这三个方法需要得到RedisTemplate的支持:
- @Autowired
- private RedisTemplate<Serializable, Serializable> redisTemplate;
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- @Autowired
- private RedisTemplate<Serializable, Serializable> redisTemplate;
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为什么用序列化泛型?我存的数据都是可序列化的内容。还有更多为什么?其实我也解答不了很多,边练边学,我弄通了一定告诉你!
1.保存-SET
做一个保存造作,使用Redis的SET命令:
- @Override
- public void save(final User user) {
- redisTemplate.execute(new RedisCallback<Object>() {
- @Override
- public Object doInRedis(RedisConnection connection)
- throws DataAccessException {
- connection.set(
- redisTemplate.getStringSerializer().serialize(
- "user.uid." + user.getUid()),
- redisTemplate.getStringSerializer().serialize(
- user.getAddress()));
- return null;
- }
- });
- }
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- @Override
- public void save(final User user) {
- redisTemplate.execute(new RedisCallback<Object>() {
- @Override
- public Object doInRedis(RedisConnection connection)
- throws DataAccessException {
- connection.set(
- redisTemplate.getStringSerializer().serialize(
- "user.uid." + user.getUid()),
- redisTemplate.getStringSerializer().serialize(
- user.getAddress()));
- return null;
- }
- });
- }
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这里是通过模板类,实现方法回调。在spring框架下,可以方便的控制事务,如果你研究过spring的dao源代码,对此一定熟悉。
- 传入参数,需要final标识,禁止方法内修改。
- 调用RedisConnection的set方法实现Redis的SET命令。
- 不管是Key,还是Value都需要进行Serialize。
- 序列化操作,最好使用RedisTemplate提供的Serializer来完成。
这跟当年的SpringJdbcTemplate有那么一拼!
2.获取-GET想要将对象从Redis中取出来,就麻烦一些,需要序列化key,最好判断下这个key是否存在,避免无用功。如果键值存在,需要对数据反序列化。
- @Override
- public User read(final String uid) {
- return redisTemplate.execute(new RedisCallback<User>() {
- @Override
- public User doInRedis(RedisConnection connection)
- throws DataAccessException {
- byte[] key = redisTemplate.getStringSerializer().serialize(
- "user.uid." + uid);
- if (connection.exists(key)) {
- byte[] value = connection.get(key);
- String address = redisTemplate.getStringSerializer()
- .deserialize(value);
- User user = new User();
- user.setAddress(address);
- user.setUid(uid);
- return user;
- }
- return null;
- }
- });
- }
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- @Override
- public User read(final String uid) {
- return redisTemplate.execute(new RedisCallback<User>() {
- @Override
- public User doInRedis(RedisConnection connection)
- throws DataAccessException {
- byte[] key = redisTemplate.getStringSerializer().serialize(
- "user.uid." + uid);
- if (connection.exists(key)) {
- byte[] value = connection.get(key);
- String address = redisTemplate.getStringSerializer()
- .deserialize(value);
- User user = new User();
- user.setAddress(address);
- user.setUid(uid);
- return user;
- }
- return null;
- }
- });
- }
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当年写SpringJdbc的时候,就是这样一个字段一个字段拼装的,甭提多累人。好吧,用Spring-Data-Redis,又让我回归了!
- 记得使用泛型,如RedisCallback<User>()
- 使用同一的序列化/反序列化Serializer
- 建议使用connection.exists(key)判别键值是否存在,避免无用功
3.删除-DEL删除,就简单点,不过也需要这样折腾一会:
- @Override
- public void delete(final String uid) {
- redisTemplate.execute(new RedisCallback<Object>() {
- public Object doInRedis(RedisConnection connection) {
- connection.del(redisTemplate.getStringSerializer().serialize(
- "user.uid." + uid));
- return null;
- }
- });
- }
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- @Override
- public void delete(final String uid) {
- redisTemplate.execute(new RedisCallback<Object>() {
- public Object doInRedis(RedisConnection connection) {
- connection.del(redisTemplate.getStringSerializer().serialize(
- "user.uid." + uid));
- return null;
- }
- });
- }
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做个TestCase,暂时够我用了!
4. TestCase
- import static org.junit.Assert.*;
- import org.junit.Before;
- import org.junit.Test;
- import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
- import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
- import org.zlex.redis.dao.UserDao;
- import org.zlex.redis.domain.User;
-
- public class UserDaoTest {
- private ApplicationContext app;
- private UserDao userDao;
-
- @Before
- public void before() throws Exception {
- app = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
- userDao = (UserDao) app.getBean("userDao");
- }
-
- @Test
- public void crud() {
- // -------------- Create ---------------
- String uid = "u123456";
- String address1 = "上海";
- User user = new User();
- user.setAddress(address1);
- user.setUid(uid);
- userDao.save(user);
-
- // ---------------Read ---------------
- user = userDao.read(uid);
-
- assertEquals(address1, user.getAddress());
-
- // --------------Update ------------
- String address2 = "北京";
- user.setAddress(address2);
- userDao.save(user);
-
- user = userDao.read(uid);
-
- assertEquals(address2, user.getAddress());
-
- // --------------Delete ------------
- userDao.delete(uid);
- user = userDao.read(uid);
- assertNull(user);
- }
- }
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- import static org.junit.Assert.*;
- import org.junit.Before;
- import org.junit.Test;
- import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
- import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
- import org.zlex.redis.dao.UserDao;
- import org.zlex.redis.domain.User;
-
- public class UserDaoTest {
- private ApplicationContext app;
- private UserDao userDao;
-
- @Before
- public void before() throws Exception {
- app = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
- userDao = (UserDao) app.getBean("userDao");
- }
-
- @Test
- public void crud() {
- // -------------- Create ---------------
- String uid = "u123456";
- String address1 = "上海";
- User user = new User();
- user.setAddress(address1);
- user.setUid(uid);
- userDao.save(user);
-
- // ---------------Read ---------------
- user = userDao.read(uid);
-
- assertEquals(address1, user.getAddress());
-
- // --------------Update ------------
- String address2 = "北京";
- user.setAddress(address2);
- userDao.save(user);
-
- user = userDao.read(uid);
-
- assertEquals(address2, user.getAddress());
-
- // --------------Delete ------------
- userDao.delete(uid);
- user = userDao.read(uid);
- assertNull(user);
- }
- }
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貌似少了update,也许以后操作Hash时,会用上。
看看控制台获得了什么:
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> get user.uid.u123456
(nil)
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> get user.uid.u123456
"\xe5\x8c\x97\xe4\xba\xac"
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> get user.uid.u123456
"\xe4\xb8\x8a\xe6\xb5\xb7"
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> del user.uid.u123456
(integer) 1
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> get user.uid.u123456
(nil)
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> get user.uid.u123456
"\xe4\xb8\x8a\xe6\xb5\xb7"
好吧,可以开始用它来存点什么了!
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