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Sqoop1.4.4实现关系型数据库多表同时导入HDFS或Hive中

NIITYZU 发表于 2015-4-2 20:07:46 [显示全部楼层] 回帖奖励 阅读模式 关闭右栏 1 31128

问题导读:

         1、使用Sqoop哪个工具实现多表导入?

         2、满足多表导入的三个条件是?

         3、如何指定导入HDFS某个目录?如何指定导入Hive某个数据库?





一、介绍

        有时候我们需要将关系型数据库中多个表一起导入到HDFS或者Hive中,这个时候可以使用Sqoop的另一个工具sqoop-import-all-tables。每个表数据被分别存储在以表名命名的HDFS上的不同目录中。

       在使用多表导入之前,以下三个条件必须同时满足:
           1、每个表必须都只有一个列作为主键;
           2、必须将每个表中所有的数据导入,而不是部分;
           3、你必须使用默认分隔列,且WHERE子句无任何强加的条件

        --table, --split-by, --columns, 和 --where 参数在sqoop-import-all-tables命令中是不合法的。--exclude-tables:可以用来排除导入某个表。具体的导入用法和单表导入差不多。

二、关系数据表

        我的spice数据库中,有以下四张表:

  1. mysql> show tables;
  2. +-----------------+
  3. | Tables_in_spice |
  4. +-----------------+
  5. | servers         |
  6. | users           |
  7. | vmLog           |
  8. | vms             |
  9. +-----------------+
  10. 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
复制代码

三、多表同时导入HDFS中

  1. [hadoopUser@secondmgt ~]$ sqoop-import-all-tables --connect jdbc:mysql://secondmgt:3306/spice  --username hive --password hive --as-textfile --warehouse-dir /output/
  2. Warning: /usr/lib/hcatalog does not exist! HCatalog jobs will fail.
  3. Please set $HCAT_HOME to the root of your HCatalog installation.
  4. 15/01/19 20:21:15 WARN tool.BaseSqoopTool: Setting your password on the command-line is insecure. Consider using -P instead.
  5. 15/01/19 20:21:15 INFO manager.MySQLManager: Preparing to use a MySQL streaming resultset.
  6. 15/01/19 20:21:15 INFO tool.CodeGenTool: Beginning code generation
  7. 15/01/19 20:21:15 INFO manager.SqlManager: Executing SQL statement: SELECT t.* FROM `servers` AS t LIMIT 1
  8. 15/01/19 20:21:15 INFO manager.SqlManager: Executing SQL statement: SELECT t.* FROM `servers` AS t LIMIT 1
  9. 15/01/19 20:21:15 INFO orm.CompilationManager: HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME is /home/hadoopUser/cloud/hadoop/programs/hadoop-2.2.0
  10. Note: /tmp/sqoop-hadoopUser/compile/0bdbced5e58f170e1670516db3339f91/servers.java uses or overrides a deprecated API.
  11. Note: Recompile with -Xlint:deprecation for details.
  12. 15/01/19 20:21:16 INFO orm.CompilationManager: Writing jar file: /tmp/sqoop-hadoopUser/compile/0bdbced5e58f170e1670516db3339f91/servers.jar
  13. 15/01/19 20:21:16 WARN manager.MySQLManager: It looks like you are importing from mysql.
  14. 15/01/19 20:21:16 WARN manager.MySQLManager: This transfer can be faster! Use the --direct
  15. 15/01/19 20:21:16 WARN manager.MySQLManager: option to exercise a MySQL-specific fast path.
  16. 15/01/19 20:21:16 INFO manager.MySQLManager: Setting zero DATETIME behavior to convertToNull (mysql)
  17. 15/01/19 20:21:16 INFO mapreduce.ImportJobBase: Beginning import of servers
  18. 15/01/19 20:21:16 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapred.job.tracker is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.jobtracker.address
  19. SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
  20. SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/hadoopUser/cloud/hadoop/programs/hadoop-2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.5.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
  21. SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/hadoopUser/cloud/hbase/hbase-0.96.2-hadoop2/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.6.4.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
  22. SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
  23. SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerFactory]
  24. 15/01/19 20:21:17 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapred.jar is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.jar
  25. 15/01/19 20:21:17 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapred.map.tasks is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.maps
  26. 15/01/19 20:21:17 INFO client.RMProxy: Connecting to ResourceManager at secondmgt/192.168.2.133:8032
  27. 15/01/19 20:21:18 INFO db.DataDrivenDBInputFormat: BoundingValsQuery: SELECT MIN(`src_id`), MAX(`src_id`) FROM `servers`
  28. 15/01/19 20:21:18 INFO mapreduce.JobSubmitter: number of splits:3
  29. 15/01/19 20:21:19 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapred.job.classpath.files is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.classpath.files
  30. 15/01/19 20:21:19 INFO Configuration.deprecation: user.name is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.user.name
  31. 15/01/19 20:21:19 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapred.cache.files.filesizes is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.cache.files.filesizes
  32. 15/01/19 20:21:19 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapred.cache.files is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.cache.files
  33. 15/01/19 20:21:19 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapred.reduce.tasks is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.reduces
  34. 15/01/19 20:21:19 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapred.output.value.class is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.output.value.class
  35. 15/01/19 20:21:19 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapreduce.map.class is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.map.class
  36. 15/01/19 20:21:19 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapred.job.name is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.name
  37. 15/01/19 20:21:19 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapreduce.inputformat.class is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.inputformat.class
  38. 15/01/19 20:21:19 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapred.output.dir is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.output.fileoutputformat.outputdir
  39. 15/01/19 20:21:19 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapreduce.outputformat.class is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.outputformat.class
  40. 15/01/19 20:21:19 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapred.cache.files.timestamps is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.cache.files.timestamps
  41. 15/01/19 20:21:19 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapred.output.key.class is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.output.key.class
  42. 15/01/19 20:21:19 INFO Configuration.deprecation: mapred.working.dir is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.working.dir
  43. 15/01/19 20:21:19 INFO mapreduce.JobSubmitter: Submitting tokens for job: job_1421373857783_0035
  44. 15/01/19 20:21:19 INFO impl.YarnClientImpl: Submitted application application_1421373857783_0035 to ResourceManager at secondmgt/192.168.2.133:8032
  45. 15/01/19 20:21:19 INFO mapreduce.Job: The url to track the job: http://secondmgt:8088/proxy/application_1421373857783_0035/
  46. 15/01/19 20:21:19 INFO mapreduce.Job: Running job: job_1421373857783_0035
  47. 15/01/19 20:21:32 INFO mapreduce.Job: Job job_1421373857783_0035 running in uber mode : false
  48. 15/01/19 20:21:32 INFO mapreduce.Job:  map 0% reduce 0%
  49. 15/01/19 20:21:43 INFO mapreduce.Job:  map 33% reduce 0%
  50. 15/01/19 20:21:46 INFO mapreduce.Job:  map 67% reduce 0%
  51. 15/01/19 20:21:48 INFO mapreduce.Job:  map 100% reduce 0%
  52. 15/01/19 20:21:48 INFO mapreduce.Job: Job job_1421373857783_0035 completed successfully
  53. 15/01/19 20:21:48 INFO mapreduce.Job: Counters: 27
  54.         File System Counters
  55.                 FILE: Number of bytes read=0
  56.                 FILE: Number of bytes written=275913
  57.                 FILE: Number of read operations=0
  58.                 FILE: Number of large read operations=0
  59.                 FILE: Number of write operations=0
  60.                 HDFS: Number of bytes read=319
  61.                 HDFS: Number of bytes written=39
  62.                 HDFS: Number of read operations=12
  63.                 HDFS: Number of large read operations=0
  64.                 HDFS: Number of write operations=6
  65.         Job Counters
  66.                 Launched map tasks=3
  67.                 Other local map tasks=3
  68.                 Total time spent by all maps in occupied slots (ms)=127888
  69.                 Total time spent by all reduces in occupied slots (ms)=0
  70.         Map-Reduce Framework
  71.                 Map input records=3
  72.                 Map output records=3
  73.                 Input split bytes=319
  74.                 Spilled Records=0
  75.                 Failed Shuffles=0
  76.                 Merged Map outputs=0
  77.                 GC time elapsed (ms)=201
  78.                 CPU time spent (ms)=7470
  79.                 Physical memory (bytes) snapshot=439209984
  80.                 Virtual memory (bytes) snapshot=2636304384
  81.                 Total committed heap usage (bytes)=252706816
  82.         File Input Format Counters
  83.                 Bytes Read=0
  84.         File Output Format Counters
  85.                 Bytes Written=39
  86. 15/01/19 20:21:48 INFO mapreduce.ImportJobBase: Transferred 39 bytes in 30.8769 seconds (1.2631 bytes/sec)
  87. 15/01/19 20:21:48 INFO mapreduce.ImportJobBase: Retrieved 3 records.
  88. 15/01/19 20:21:48 INFO tool.CodeGenTool: Beginning code generation
  89. 15/01/19 20:21:48 INFO manager.SqlManager: Executing SQL statement: SELECT t.* FROM `users` AS t LIMIT 1
  90. 15/01/19 20:21:48 INFO orm.CompilationManager: HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME is /home/hadoopUser/cloud/hadoop/programs/hadoop-2.2.0
  91. Note: /tmp/sqoop-hadoopUser/compile/0bdbced5e58f170e1670516db3339f91/users.java uses or overrides a deprecated API.
  92. Note: Recompile with -Xlint:deprecation for details.
  93. 15/01/19 20:21:48 INFO orm.CompilationManager: Writing jar file: /tmp/sqoop-hadoopUser/compile/0bdbced5e58f170e1670516db3339f91/users.jar
  94. 15/01/19 20:21:48 INFO mapreduce.ImportJobBase: Beginning import of users
  95. 15/01/19 20:21:48 INFO client.RMProxy: Connecting to ResourceManager at secondmgt/192.168.2.133:8032
  96. 15/01/19 20:21:49 INFO db.DataDrivenDBInputFormat: BoundingValsQuery: SELECT MIN(`id`), MAX(`id`) FROM `users`
  97. 15/01/19 20:21:49 INFO mapreduce.JobSubmitter: number of splits:4
  98. 15/01/19 20:21:49 INFO mapreduce.JobSubmitter: Submitting tokens for job: job_1421373857783_0036
  99. 15/01/19 20:21:49 INFO impl.YarnClientImpl: Submitted application application_1421373857783_0036 to ResourceManager at secondmgt/192.168.2.133:8032
  100. 15/01/19 20:21:49 INFO mapreduce.Job: The url to track the job: http://secondmgt:8088/proxy/application_1421373857783_0036/
  101. 15/01/19 20:21:49 INFO mapreduce.Job: Running job: job_1421373857783_0036
  102. 15/01/19 20:22:02 INFO mapreduce.Job: Job job_1421373857783_0036 running in uber mode : false
  103. 15/01/19 20:22:02 INFO mapreduce.Job:  map 0% reduce 0%
  104. 15/01/19 20:22:13 INFO mapreduce.Job:  map 25% reduce 0%
  105. 15/01/19 20:22:18 INFO mapreduce.Job:  map 75% reduce 0%
  106. 15/01/19 20:22:23 INFO mapreduce.Job:  map 100% reduce 0%
  107. 15/01/19 20:22:23 INFO mapreduce.Job: Job job_1421373857783_0036 completed successfully
  108. 15/01/19 20:22:23 INFO mapreduce.Job: Counters: 27
  109.         File System Counters
  110.                 FILE: Number of bytes read=0
  111.                 FILE: Number of bytes written=368040
  112.                 FILE: Number of read operations=0
  113.                 FILE: Number of large read operations=0
  114.                 FILE: Number of write operations=0
  115.                 HDFS: Number of bytes read=401
  116.                 HDFS: Number of bytes written=521
  117.                 HDFS: Number of read operations=16
  118.                 HDFS: Number of large read operations=0
  119.                 HDFS: Number of write operations=8
  120.         Job Counters
  121.                 Launched map tasks=4
  122.                 Other local map tasks=4
  123.                 Total time spent by all maps in occupied slots (ms)=175152
  124.                 Total time spent by all reduces in occupied slots (ms)=0
  125.         Map-Reduce Framework
  126.                 Map input records=13
  127.                 Map output records=13
  128.                 Input split bytes=401
  129.                 Spilled Records=0
  130.                 Failed Shuffles=0
  131.                 Merged Map outputs=0
  132.                 GC time elapsed (ms)=257
  133.                 CPU time spent (ms)=10250
  134.                 Physical memory (bytes) snapshot=627642368
  135.                 Virtual memory (bytes) snapshot=3547209728
  136.                 Total committed heap usage (bytes)=335544320
  137.         File Input Format Counters
  138.                 Bytes Read=0
  139.         File Output Format Counters
  140.                 Bytes Written=521
  141. 15/01/19 20:22:23 INFO mapreduce.ImportJobBase: Transferred 521 bytes in 34.6285 seconds (15.0454 bytes/sec)
  142. 15/01/19 20:22:23 INFO mapreduce.ImportJobBase: Retrieved 13 records.
  143. 15/01/19 20:22:23 INFO tool.CodeGenTool: Beginning code generation
  144. 15/01/19 20:22:23 INFO manager.SqlManager: Executing SQL statement: SELECT t.* FROM `vmLog` AS t LIMIT 1
  145. 15/01/19 20:22:23 INFO orm.CompilationManager: HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME is /home/hadoopUser/cloud/hadoop/programs/hadoop-2.2.0
  146. Note: /tmp/sqoop-hadoopUser/compile/0bdbced5e58f170e1670516db3339f91/vmLog.java uses or overrides a deprecated API.
  147. Note: Recompile with -Xlint:deprecation for details.
  148. 15/01/19 20:22:23 INFO orm.CompilationManager: Writing jar file: /tmp/sqoop-hadoopUser/compile/0bdbced5e58f170e1670516db3339f91/vmLog.jar
  149. 15/01/19 20:22:23 INFO mapreduce.ImportJobBase: Beginning import of vmLog
  150. 15/01/19 20:22:23 INFO client.RMProxy: Connecting to ResourceManager at secondmgt/192.168.2.133:8032
  151. 15/01/19 20:22:24 INFO db.DataDrivenDBInputFormat: BoundingValsQuery: SELECT MIN(`id`), MAX(`id`) FROM `vmLog`
  152. 15/01/19 20:22:24 INFO mapreduce.JobSubmitter: number of splits:4
  153. 15/01/19 20:22:24 INFO mapreduce.JobSubmitter: Submitting tokens for job: job_1421373857783_0037
  154. 15/01/19 20:22:24 INFO impl.YarnClientImpl: Submitted application application_1421373857783_0037 to ResourceManager at secondmgt/192.168.2.133:8032
  155. 15/01/19 20:22:24 INFO mapreduce.Job: The url to track the job: http://secondmgt:8088/proxy/application_1421373857783_0037/
  156. 15/01/19 20:22:24 INFO mapreduce.Job: Running job: job_1421373857783_0037
  157. 15/01/19 20:22:37 INFO mapreduce.Job: Job job_1421373857783_0037 running in uber mode : false
  158. 15/01/19 20:22:37 INFO mapreduce.Job:  map 0% reduce 0%
  159. 15/01/19 20:22:47 INFO mapreduce.Job:  map 25% reduce 0%
  160. 15/01/19 20:22:52 INFO mapreduce.Job:  map 75% reduce 0%
  161. 15/01/19 20:22:58 INFO mapreduce.Job:  map 100% reduce 0%
  162. 15/01/19 20:22:58 INFO mapreduce.Job: Job job_1421373857783_0037 completed successfully
  163. 15/01/19 20:22:59 INFO mapreduce.Job: Counters: 27
  164.         File System Counters
  165.                 FILE: Number of bytes read=0
  166.                 FILE: Number of bytes written=367872
  167.                 FILE: Number of read operations=0
  168.                 FILE: Number of large read operations=0
  169.                 FILE: Number of write operations=0
  170.                 HDFS: Number of bytes read=398
  171.                 HDFS: Number of bytes written=635
  172.                 HDFS: Number of read operations=16
  173.                 HDFS: Number of large read operations=0
  174.                 HDFS: Number of write operations=8
  175.         Job Counters
  176.                 Launched map tasks=4
  177.                 Other local map tasks=4
  178.                 Total time spent by all maps in occupied slots (ms)=171552
  179.                 Total time spent by all reduces in occupied slots (ms)=0
  180.         Map-Reduce Framework
  181.                 Map input records=23
  182.                 Map output records=23
  183.                 Input split bytes=398
  184.                 Spilled Records=0
  185.                 Failed Shuffles=0
  186.                 Merged Map outputs=0
  187.                 GC time elapsed (ms)=182
  188.                 CPU time spent (ms)=10480
  189.                 Physical memory (bytes) snapshot=588107776
  190.                 Virtual memory (bytes) snapshot=3523424256
  191.                 Total committed heap usage (bytes)=337641472
  192.         File Input Format Counters
  193.                 Bytes Read=0
  194.         File Output Format Counters
  195.                 Bytes Written=635
  196. 15/01/19 20:22:59 INFO mapreduce.ImportJobBase: Transferred 635 bytes in 35.147 seconds (18.067 bytes/sec)
  197. 15/01/19 20:22:59 INFO mapreduce.ImportJobBase: Retrieved 23 records.
  198. 15/01/19 20:22:59 INFO tool.CodeGenTool: Beginning code generation
  199. 15/01/19 20:22:59 INFO manager.SqlManager: Executing SQL statement: SELECT t.* FROM `vms` AS t LIMIT 1
  200. 15/01/19 20:22:59 INFO orm.CompilationManager: HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME is /home/hadoopUser/cloud/hadoop/programs/hadoop-2.2.0
  201. Note: /tmp/sqoop-hadoopUser/compile/0bdbced5e58f170e1670516db3339f91/vms.java uses or overrides a deprecated API.
  202. Note: Recompile with -Xlint:deprecation for details.
  203. 15/01/19 20:22:59 INFO orm.CompilationManager: Writing jar file: /tmp/sqoop-hadoopUser/compile/0bdbced5e58f170e1670516db3339f91/vms.jar
  204. 15/01/19 20:22:59 INFO mapreduce.ImportJobBase: Beginning import of vms
  205. 15/01/19 20:22:59 INFO client.RMProxy: Connecting to ResourceManager at secondmgt/192.168.2.133:8032
  206. 15/01/19 20:23:00 INFO db.DataDrivenDBInputFormat: BoundingValsQuery: SELECT MIN(`id`), MAX(`id`) FROM `vms`
  207. 15/01/19 20:23:00 INFO mapreduce.JobSubmitter: number of splits:4
  208. 15/01/19 20:23:00 INFO mapreduce.JobSubmitter: Submitting tokens for job: job_1421373857783_0038
  209. 15/01/19 20:23:00 INFO impl.YarnClientImpl: Submitted application application_1421373857783_0038 to ResourceManager at secondmgt/192.168.2.133:8032
  210. 15/01/19 20:23:00 INFO mapreduce.Job: The url to track the job: http://secondmgt:8088/proxy/application_1421373857783_0038/
  211. 15/01/19 20:23:00 INFO mapreduce.Job: Running job: job_1421373857783_0038
  212. 15/01/19 20:23:13 INFO mapreduce.Job: Job job_1421373857783_0038 running in uber mode : false
  213. 15/01/19 20:23:13 INFO mapreduce.Job:  map 0% reduce 0%
  214. 15/01/19 20:23:24 INFO mapreduce.Job:  map 25% reduce 0%
  215. 15/01/19 20:23:28 INFO mapreduce.Job:  map 75% reduce 0%
  216. 15/01/19 20:23:34 INFO mapreduce.Job:  map 100% reduce 0%
  217. 15/01/19 20:23:35 INFO mapreduce.Job: Job job_1421373857783_0038 completed successfully
  218. 15/01/19 20:23:35 INFO mapreduce.Job: Counters: 27
  219.         File System Counters
  220.                 FILE: Number of bytes read=0
  221.                 FILE: Number of bytes written=367932
  222.                 FILE: Number of read operations=0
  223.                 FILE: Number of large read operations=0
  224.                 FILE: Number of write operations=0
  225.                 HDFS: Number of bytes read=401
  226.                 HDFS: Number of bytes written=240
  227.                 HDFS: Number of read operations=16
  228.                 HDFS: Number of large read operations=0
  229.                 HDFS: Number of write operations=8
  230.         Job Counters
  231.                 Launched map tasks=4
  232.                 Other local map tasks=4
  233.                 Total time spent by all maps in occupied slots (ms)=168328
  234.                 Total time spent by all reduces in occupied slots (ms)=0
  235.         Map-Reduce Framework
  236.                 Map input records=8
  237.                 Map output records=8
  238.                 Input split bytes=401
  239.                 Spilled Records=0
  240.                 Failed Shuffles=0
  241.                 Merged Map outputs=0
  242.                 GC time elapsed (ms)=210
  243.                 CPU time spent (ms)=10990
  244.                 Physical memory (bytes) snapshot=600018944
  245.                 Virtual memory (bytes) snapshot=3536568320
  246.                 Total committed heap usage (bytes)=335544320
  247.         File Input Format Counters
  248.                 Bytes Read=0
  249.         File Output Format Counters
  250.                 Bytes Written=240
  251. 15/01/19 20:23:35 INFO mapreduce.ImportJobBase: Transferred 240 bytes in 35.9131 seconds (6.6828 bytes/sec)
  252. 15/01/19 20:23:35 INFO mapreduce.ImportJobBase: Retrieved 8 records.
复制代码

由导入过程日志可知,其实多表导入过程也是一个个单表导入的整合。


      查看导入结果:

  1. [hadoopUser@secondmgt ~]$ hadoop fs -ls /output/
  2. Found 4 items
  3. drwxr-xr-x   - hadoopUser supergroup          0 2015-01-19 20:21 /output/servers
  4. drwxr-xr-x   - hadoopUser supergroup          0 2015-01-19 20:22 /output/users
  5. drwxr-xr-x   - hadoopUser supergroup          0 2015-01-19 20:22 /output/vmLog
  6. drwxr-xr-x   - hadoopUser supergroup          0 2015-01-19 20:23 /output/vms
复制代码

四、多表导入Hive中

       我们将上述四个表导入到Hive中,如下:

  1. [hadoopUser@secondmgt ~]$ sqoop-import-all-tables --connect jdbc:mysql://secondmgt:3306/spice --username hive --password hive --hive-import --as-textfile --create-hive-table
复制代码

查看结果:

  1. hive> show tables;
  2. OK
  3. servers
  4. users
  5. vmlog
  6. vms
  7. Time taken: 0.022 seconds, Fetched: 4 row(s)
复制代码

默认是导入到default数据库中,如果想指定导入到某个数据库中,可以使用--hive-database参数,如下:

  1. [hadoopUser@secondmgt ~]$ sqoop-import-all-tables --connect jdbc:mysql://secondmgt:3306/spice  --username hive --password hive --hive-import --hive-database test  --as-textfile --create-hive-table
复制代码


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跳转到指定楼层
hahaxixi 发表于 2015-4-3 13:48:41
感谢分享~~~~~~~~~~·
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