企业级数据仓库构建（八）：搭建DWD 层-业务数据

问题导读：

1. 拉链表是什么？
2. 为什么要做拉链表？
3. 拉链表的制作过程是怎么样的？


上一篇：企业级数据仓库构建（七）：搭建DWD 层

1.1 DWD 层（业务数据）



1.1.1 商品维度表（全量表）



1）建表语句

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `dwd_dim_sku_info`;
CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE `dwd_dim_sku_info` (
`id` string COMMENT '商品 id',
`spu_id` string COMMENT 'spuid',
`price` double COMMENT '商品价格',
`sku_name` string COMMENT '商品名称',
`sku_desc` string COMMENT '商品描述',
`weight` double COMMENT '重量',
`tm_id` string COMMENT '品牌 id',
`tm_name` string COMMENT '品牌名称',
`category3_id` string COMMENT '三级分类 id',
`category2_id` string COMMENT '二级分类 id',
`category1_id` string COMMENT '一级分类 id',
`category3_name` string COMMENT '三级分类名称',
`category2_name` string COMMENT '二级分类名称',
`category1_name` string COMMENT '一级分类名称',
`spu_name` string COMMENT 'spu 名称',
`create_time` string COMMENT '创建时间'
)
COMMENT '商品维度表'
PARTITIONED BY (`dt` string)
stored as parquet
location '/warehouse/gmall/dwd/dwd_dim_sku_info/'
tblproperties ("parquet.compression"="lzo");
复制代码

2）数据装载

insert overwrite table dwd_dim_sku_info partition(dt='2020-03-10')
select
sku.id,
sku.spu_id,
sku.price,
sku.sku_name,
sku.sku_desc,
sku.weight,
sku.tm_id,
ob.tm_name,
sku.category3_id,
c2.id category2_id,
c1.id category1_id,
c3.name category3_name,
c2.name category2_name,
c1.name category1_name,
spu.spu_name,
sku.create_time
from
(
select * from ods_sku_info where dt='2020-03-10'
)sku
join
(
select * from ods_base_trademark where dt='2020-03-10'
)ob on sku.tm_id=ob.tm_id
join
(
select * from ods_spu_info where dt='2020-03-10'
)spu on spu.id = sku.spu_id
join
(
select * from ods_base_category3 where dt='2020-03-10'
)c3 on sku.category3_id=c3.id
join
(
select * from ods_base_category2 where dt='2020-03-10'
)c2 on c3.category2_id=c2.id
join
(
select * from ods_base_category1 where dt='2020-03-10'
)c1 on c2.category1_id=c1.id;
复制代码

3）查询加载结果

select * from dwd_dim_sku_info where dt='2020-03-10';
复制代码

1.1.2 优惠券信息表（全量）

把 ODS 层 ods_coupon_info 表数据导入到 DWD 层优惠卷信息表，在导入过程中可以做适当的清洗

1）建表语句

drop table if exists dwd_dim_coupon_info;
create external table dwd_dim_coupon_info(
`id` string COMMENT '购物券编号',
`coupon_name` string COMMENT '购物券名称',
`coupon_type` string COMMENT '购物券类型 1 现金券 2 折扣券 3 满减券 4 满件打折券',
`condition_amount` string COMMENT '满额数',
`condition_num` string COMMENT '满件数',
`activity_id` string COMMENT '活动编号',
`benefit_amount` string COMMENT '减金额',
`benefit_discount` string COMMENT '折扣',
`create_time` string COMMENT '创建时间',
`range_type` string COMMENT '范围类型 1、商品 2、品类 3、品牌',
`spu_id` string COMMENT '商品 id',
`tm_id` string COMMENT '品牌 id',
`category3_id` string COMMENT '品类 id',
`limit_num` string COMMENT '最多领用次数',
`operate_time` string COMMENT '修改时间',
`expire_time` string COMMENT '过期时间'
) COMMENT '优惠券信息表'
PARTITIONED BY (`dt` string)
row format delimited fields terminated by '\t'
stored as parquet
location '/warehouse/gmall/dwd/dwd_dim_coupon_info/'
tblproperties ("parquet.compression"="lzo"); 
复制代码

2）数据装载

insert overwrite table dwd_dim_coupon_info partition(dt='2020-03-10')
select
id,
coupon_name,
coupon_type,
condition_amount,
condition_num,
activity_id,
benefit_amount,
benefit_discount,
create_time,
range_type,
spu_id,
tm_id,
category3_id,
limit_num,
operate_time,
expire_time
from ods_coupon_info
where dt='2020-03-10';
复制代码

3）查询加载结果

select * from dwd_dim_coupon_info where dt='2020-03-10';
复制代码

1.1.3 活动维度表（全量）



1）建表语句

drop table if exists dwd_dim_activity_info;
create external table dwd_dim_activity_info(
`id` string COMMENT '编号',
`activity_name` string COMMENT '活动名称',
`activity_type` string COMMENT '活动类型',
`condition_amount` string COMMENT '满减金额',
`condition_num` string COMMENT '满减件数',
`benefit_amount` string COMMENT '优惠金额',
`benefit_discount` string COMMENT '优惠折扣',
`benefit_level` string COMMENT '优惠级别',
`start_time` string COMMENT '开始时间',
`end_time` string COMMENT '结束时间',
`create_time` string COMMENT '创建时间'
) COMMENT '活动信息表'
PARTITIONED BY (`dt` string)
row format delimited fields terminated by '\t'
stored as parquet
location '/warehouse/gmall/dwd/dwd_dim_activity_info/'
tblproperties ("parquet.compression"="lzo"); 
复制代码

2）数据装载

insert overwrite table dwd_dim_activity_info partition(dt='2020-03-10')
select
info.id,
info.activity_name,
info.activity_type,
rule.condition_amount,
rule.condition_num,
rule.benefit_amount,
rule.benefit_discount,
rule.benefit_level,
info.start_time,
info.end_time,
info.create_time
from
(
select * from ods_activity_info where dt='2020-03-10'
)info
left join
(
select * from ods_activity_rule where dt='2020-03-10'
)rule on info.id = rule.activity_id;
复制代码

3）查询加载结果

select * from dwd_dim_activity_info where dt='2020-03-10';
复制代码

1.1.4 地区维度表（特殊）



1）建表语句

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `dwd_dim_base_province`;
CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE `dwd_dim_base_province` (
`id` string COMMENT 'id',
`province_name` string COMMENT '省市名称',
`area_code` string COMMENT '地区编码',
`iso_code` string COMMENT 'ISO 编码',
`region_id` string COMMENT '地区 id',
`region_name` string COMMENT '地区名称'
)
COMMENT '地区省市表'
stored as parquet
location '/warehouse/gmall/dwd/dwd_dim_base_province/'
tblproperties ("parquet.compression"="lzo"); 
复制代码

2）数据装载

insert overwrite table dwd_dim_base_province
select
bp.id,
bp.name,
bp.area_code,
bp.iso_code,
bp.region_id,
br.region_name
from ods_base_province bp
join ods_base_region br
on bp.region_id=br.id;
复制代码

1.1.5 时间维度表（特殊）（预留）

1）建表语句

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `dwd_dim_date_info`;
CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE `dwd_dim_date_info`(
`date_id` string COMMENT '日',
`week_id` int COMMENT '周',
`week_day` int COMMENT '周的第几天',
`day` int COMMENT '每月的第几天',
`month` int COMMENT '第几月',
`quarter` int COMMENT '第几季度',
`year` int COMMENT '年',
`is_workday` int COMMENT '是否是周末',
`holiday_id` int COMMENT '是否是节假日'
)
row format delimited fields terminated by '\t'
stored as parquet
location '/warehouse/gmall/dwd/dwd_dim_date_info/'
tblproperties ("parquet.compression"="lzo"); 
复制代码

2）把 date_info.txt 文件上传到 node01 的 /opt/modules/db_log/路径

3）数据装载

load data local inpath '/opt/modules/db_log/date_info.txt' into table dwd_dim_date_info; 
复制代码

4）查询加载结果

select * from dwd_dim_date_info;
复制代码

1.1.6 订单明细事实表（事务型快照事实表）





1）建表语句

drop table if exists dwd_fact_order_detail;
create external table dwd_fact_order_detail (
`id` string COMMENT '订单编号',
`order_id` string COMMENT '订单号',
`user_id` string COMMENT '用户 id',
`sku_id` string COMMENT 'sku 商品 id',
`sku_name` string COMMENT '商品名称',
`order_price` decimal(10,2) COMMENT '商品价格',
`sku_num` bigint COMMENT '商品数量',
`create_time` string COMMENT '创建时间',
`province_id` string COMMENT '省份 ID',
`total_amount` decimal(20,2) COMMENT '订单总金额'
)
PARTITIONED BY (`dt` string)
stored as parquet
location '/warehouse/gmall/dwd/dwd_fact_order_detail/'
tblproperties ("parquet.compression"="lzo"); 
复制代码

2）数据装载

insert overwrite table dwd_fact_order_detail partition(dt='2020-03-10')
select
od.id,
od.order_id,
od.user_id,
od.sku_id,
od.sku_name,
od.order_price,
od.sku_num,
od.create_time,
oi.province_id,
od.order_price*od.sku_num
from
(
select * from ods_order_detail where dt='2020-03-10'
) od
join
(
select * from ods_order_info where dt='2020-03-10'
) oi
on od.order_id=oi.id;
复制代码

3）查询加载结果

select * from dwd_fact_order_detail where dt='2020-03-10';
复制代码

1.1.7 支付事实表（事务型快照事实表）




1）建表语句

drop table if exists dwd_fact_payment_info;
create external table dwd_fact_payment_info (
`id` string COMMENT '',
`out_trade_no` string COMMENT '对外业务编号',
`order_id` string COMMENT '订单编号',
`user_id` string COMMENT '用户编号',
`alipay_trade_no` string COMMENT '支付宝交易流水编号',
`payment_amount` decimal(16,2) COMMENT '支付金额',
`subject` string COMMENT '交易内容',
`payment_type` string COMMENT '支付类型',
`payment_time` string COMMENT '支付时间',
`province_id` string COMMENT '省份 ID'
)
PARTITIONED BY (`dt` string)
stored as parquet
location '/warehouse/gmall/dwd/dwd_fact_payment_info/'
tblproperties ("parquet.compression"="lzo");
复制代码

2）数据装载

insert overwrite table dwd_fact_payment_info partition(dt='2020-03-10')
select
pi.id,
pi.out_trade_no,
pi.order_id,
pi.user_id,
pi.alipay_trade_no,
pi.total_amount,
pi.subject,
pi.payment_type,
pi.payment_time,
oi.province_id
from
(
select * from ods_payment_info where dt='2020-03-10'
)pi
join
(
select id, province_id from ods_order_info where dt='2020-03-10'
)oi
on pi.order_id = oi.id;
复制代码

3）查询加载结果

select * from dwd_fact_payment_info where dt='2020-03-10';
复制代码

1.1.8 退款事实表（事务型快照事实表）

把 ODS 层 ods_order_refund_info 表数据导入到 DWD 层退款事实表，在导入过程中可以做适当的清洗



1）建表语句

drop table if exists dwd_fact_order_refund_info;
create external table dwd_fact_order_refund_info(
`id` string COMMENT '编号',
`user_id` string COMMENT '用户 ID',
`order_id` string COMMENT '订单 ID',
`sku_id` string COMMENT '商品 ID',
`refund_type` string COMMENT '退款类型',
`refund_num` bigint COMMENT '退款件数',
`refund_amount` decimal(16,2) COMMENT '退款金额',
`refund_reason_type` string COMMENT '退款原因类型',
`create_time` string COMMENT '退款时间'
) COMMENT '退款事实表'
PARTITIONED BY (`dt` string)
row format delimited fields terminated by '\t'
location '/warehouse/gmall/dwd/dwd_fact_order_refund_info/'; 
复制代码

2）数据装载

insert overwrite table dwd_fact_order_refund_info partition(dt='2020-03-10')
select
id,
user_id,
order_id,
sku_id,
refund_type,
refund_num,
refund_amount,
refund_reason_type,
create_time
from ods_order_refund_info
where dt='2020-03-10';
复制代码

3）查询加载结果

select * from dwd_fact_order_refund_info where dt='2020-03-10';
复制代码

1.1.9 评价事实表（事务型快照事实表）

把 ODS 层 ods_comment_info 表数据导入到 DWD 层评价事实表，在导入过程中可以做适当的清洗



1）建表语句

drop table if exists dwd_fact_comment_info;
create external table dwd_fact_comment_info(
`id` string COMMENT '编号',
`user_id` string COMMENT '用户 ID',
`sku_id` string COMMENT '商品 sku',
`spu_id` string COMMENT '商品 spu',
`order_id` string COMMENT '订单 ID',
`appraise` string COMMENT '评价',
`create_time` string COMMENT '评价时间'
) COMMENT '评价事实表'
PARTITIONED BY (`dt` string)
row format delimited fields terminated by '\t'
location '/warehouse/gmall/dwd/dwd_fact_comment_info/'; 
复制代码

2）数据装载

insert overwrite table dwd_fact_comment_info partition(dt='2020-03-10')
select
id,
user_id,
sku_id,
spu_id,
order_id,
appraise,
create_time
from ods_comment_info
where dt='2020-03-10';
复制代码

3）查询加载结果

select * from dwd_fact_comment_info where dt='2020-03-10';
复制代码

1.1.10 加购事实表（周期型快照事实表，每日快照）

由于购物车的数量是会发生变化，所以导增量不合适
每天做一次快照，导入的数据是全量，区别于事务型事实表是每天导入新增
周期型快照事实表劣势：存储的数据量会比较大
解决方案：周期型快照事实表存储的数据比较讲究时效性，时间太久了的意义不大，可以删除以前的数据



1）建表语句

drop table if exists dwd_fact_cart_info;
create external table dwd_fact_cart_info(
`id` string COMMENT '编号',
`user_id` string COMMENT '用户 id',
`sku_id` string COMMENT 'skuid',
`cart_price` string COMMENT '放入购物车时价格',
`sku_num` string COMMENT '数量',
`sku_name` string COMMENT 'sku 名称 (冗余)',
`create_time` string COMMENT '创建时间',
`operate_time` string COMMENT '修改时间',
`is_ordered` string COMMENT '是否已经下单。1 为已下单;0 为未下单',
`order_time` string COMMENT '下单时间'
) COMMENT '加购事实表'
PARTITIONED BY (`dt` string)
row format delimited fields terminated by '\t'
location '/warehouse/gmall/dwd/dwd_fact_cart_info/'; 
复制代码

2）数据装载

insert overwrite table dwd_fact_cart_info partition(dt='2020-03-10')
select
id,
user_id,
sku_id,
cart_price,
sku_num,
sku_name,
create_time,
operate_time,
is_ordered,
order_time
from ods_cart_info
where dt='2020-03-10';
复制代码

3）查询加载结果

select * from dwd_fact_cart_info where dt='2020-03-10';
复制代码

1.1.11 收藏事实表（周期型快照事实表，每日快照）

收藏的标记，是否取消，会发生变化，做增量不合适
每天做一次快照，导入的数据是全量，区别于事务型事实表是每天导入新增



1）建表语句

drop table if exists dwd_fact_favor_info;
create external table dwd_fact_favor_info(
`id` string COMMENT '编号',
`user_id` string COMMENT '用户 id',
`sku_id` string COMMENT 'skuid',
`spu_id` string COMMENT 'spuid',
`is_cancel` string COMMENT '是否取消',
`create_time` string COMMENT '收藏时间',
`cancel_time` string COMMENT '取消时间'
) COMMENT '收藏事实表'
PARTITIONED BY (`dt` string)
row format delimited fields terminated by '\t'
location '/warehouse/gmall/dwd/dwd_fact_favor_info/';
复制代码

2）数据装载

insert overwrite table dwd_fact_favor_info partition(dt='2020-03-10')
select
id,
user_id,
sku_id,
spu_id,
is_cancel,
create_time,
cancel_time
from ods_favor_info
where dt='2020-03-10';
复制代码

3）查询加载结果

select * from dwd_fact_favor_info where dt='2020-03-10';
复制代码

1.1.12 优惠券领用事实表（累积型快照事实表）



优惠卷的生命周期：领取优惠卷-》用优惠卷下单-》优惠卷参与支付

累积型快照事实表使用：统计优惠卷领取次数、优惠卷下单次数、优惠卷参与支付次数

1）建表语句

drop table if exists dwd_fact_coupon_use;
create external table dwd_fact_coupon_use(
`id` string COMMENT '编号',
`coupon_id` string COMMENT '优惠券 ID',
`user_id` string COMMENT 'userid',
`order_id` string COMMENT '订单 id',
`coupon_status` string COMMENT '优惠券状态',
`get_time` string COMMENT '领取时间',
`using_time` string COMMENT '使用时间(下单)',
`used_time` string COMMENT '使用时间(支付)'
) COMMENT '优惠券领用事实表'
PARTITIONED BY (`dt` string)
row format delimited fields terminated by '\t'
location '/warehouse/gmall/dwd/dwd_fact_coupon_use/'; 
复制代码

注意：dt 是按照优惠卷领用时间 get_time 做为分区

2）数据装载

set hive.exec.dynamic.partition.mode=nonstrict;
insert overwrite table dwd_fact_coupon_use partition(dt)
select
if(new.id is null,old.id,new.id),
if(new.coupon_id is null,old.coupon_id,new.coupon_id),
if(new.user_id is null,old.user_id,new.user_id),
if(new.order_id is null,old.order_id,new.order_id),
if(new.coupon_status is null,old.coupon_status,new.coupon_status),
if(new.get_time is null,old.get_time,new.get_time),
if(new.using_time is null,old.using_time,new.using_time),
if(new.used_time is null,old.used_time,new.used_time),
date_format(if(new.get_time is null,old.get_time,new.get_time),'yyyy-MM-dd')
from
(
select
id,
coupon_id,
user_id,
order_id,
coupon_status,
get_time,
using_time,
used_time
from dwd_fact_coupon_use
where dt in
(
select
date_format(get_time,'yyyy-MM-dd')
from ods_coupon_use
where dt='2020-03-10'
)
)old
full outer join
(
select
id,
coupon_id,
user_id,
order_id,
coupon_status,
get_time,
using_time,
used_time
from ods_coupon_use
where dt='2020-03-10'
)new
on old.id=new.id;
复制代码

3）查询加载结果

select * from dwd_fact_coupon_use where dt='2020-03-10';
复制代码

1.1.13 订单事实表（累积型快照事实表）

1）concat 函数

concat 函数在连接字符串的时候，只要其中一个是 NULL，那么将返回 NULL

hive> select concat('a','b');
ab
hive> select concat('a','b',null);
NULL
复制代码

2）concat_ws 函数

concat_ws 函数在连接字符串的时候，只要有一个字符串不是 NULL，就不会返回 NULL。concat_ws 函数需要指定分隔符

hive> select concat_ws('-','a','b');
a-b
hive> select concat_ws('-','a','b',null);
a-b
hive> select concat_ws('','a','b',null);
ab
复制代码

3）STR_TO_MAP 函数

• （1）语法描述
  

STR_TO_MAP(VARCHAR text, VARCHAR listDelimiter, VARCHAR keyValueDelimiter)

• （2）功能描述
  

使用 listDelimiter 将 text 分隔成 K-V 对，然后使用 keyValueDelimiter 分隔每个 K-V 对，
组装成 MAP 返回。默认 listDelimiter 为（ ，），keyValueDelimiter 为（=）。

• （3）案例
  

str_to_map(‘1001=2020-03-10,1002=2020-03-10’, ‘,’ , ‘=’)
输出{“1001”:“2020-03-10”,“1002”:“2020-03-10”}

4）建表语句



订单生命周期：创建时间=》支付时间=》取消时间=》完成时间=》退款时间=》退款完成时间

由于 ODS 层订单表只有创建时间和操作时间两个状态，不能表达所有时间含义，所以需要关联订单状态表。订单事实表里面增加了活动 id，所以需要关联活动订单表

drop table if exists dwd_fact_order_info;
create external table dwd_fact_order_info (
`id` string COMMENT '订单编号',
`order_status` string COMMENT '订单状态',
`user_id` string COMMENT '用户 id',
`out_trade_no` string COMMENT '支付流水号',
`create_time` string COMMENT '创建时间(未支付状态)',
`payment_time` string COMMENT '支付时间(已支付状态)',
`cancel_time` string COMMENT '取消时间(已取消状态)',
`finish_time` string COMMENT '完成时间(已完成状态)',
`refund_time` string COMMENT '退款时间(退款中状态)',
`refund_finish_time` string COMMENT '退款完成时间(退款完成状态)',
`province_id` string COMMENT '省份 ID',
`activity_id` string COMMENT '活动 ID',
`original_total_amount` string COMMENT '原价金额',
`benefit_reduce_amount` string COMMENT '优惠金额',
`feight_fee` string COMMENT '运费',
`final_total_amount` decimal(10,2) COMMENT '订单金额'
)
PARTITIONED BY (`dt` string)
stored as parquet
location '/warehouse/gmall/dwd/dwd_fact_order_info/'
tblproperties ("parquet.compression"="lzo");
复制代码

5）数据装载



5）常用函数

更多函数请点击博客【HIve】Hive入门解析（五）

6）数据装载

set hive.exec.dynamic.partition.mode=nonstrict;
insert overwrite table dwd_fact_order_info partition(dt)
select
if(new.id is null,old.id,new.id),
if(new.order_status is null,old.order_status,new.order_status),
if(new.user_id is null,old.user_id,new.user_id),
if(new.out_trade_no is null,old.out_trade_no,new.out_trade_no),
if(new.tms['1001'] is null,old.create_time,new.tms['1001']),--1001 对应未支付状态
if(new.tms['1002'] is null,old.payment_time,new.tms['1002']),
if(new.tms['1003'] is null,old.cancel_time,new.tms['1003']),
if(new.tms['1004'] is null,old.finish_time,new.tms['1004']),
if(new.tms['1005'] is null,old.refund_time,new.tms['1005']),
if(new.tms['1006'] is null,old.refund_finish_time,new.tms['1006']),
if(new.province_id is null,old.province_id,new.province_id),
if(new.activity_id is null,old.activity_id,new.activity_id),
if(new.original_total_amount is
null,old.original_total_amount,new.original_total_amount),
if(new.benefit_reduce_amount is
null,old.benefit_reduce_amount,new.benefit_reduce_amount),
if(new.feight_fee is null,old.feight_fee,new.feight_fee),
if(new.final_total_amount is null,old.final_total_amount,new.final_total_amount),
date_format(if(new.tms['1001'] is
null,old.create_time,new.tms['1001']),'yyyy-MM-dd')
from
(
select
id,
order_status,
user_id,
out_trade_no,
create_time,
payment_time,
cancel_time,
finish_time,
refund_time,
refund_finish_time,
province_id,
activity_id,
original_total_amount,
benefit_reduce_amount,
feight_fee,
final_total_amount
from dwd_fact_order_info
where dt
in
(
select
date_format(create_time,'yyyy-MM-dd')
from ods_order_info
where dt='2020-03-10'
)
)old
full outer join
(
select
info.id,
info.order_status,
info.user_id,
info.out_trade_no,
info.province_id,
act.activity_id,
log.tms,
info.original_total_amount,
info.benefit_reduce_amount,
info.feight_fee,
info.final_total_amount
from
(
select
order_id,
str_to_map(concat_ws(',',collect_set(concat(order_status,'=',operate_time))),',','=')
tms
from ods_order_status_log
where dt='2020-03-10'
group by order_id
)log
join
(
select * from ods_order_info where dt='2020-03-10'
)info
on log.order_id=info.id
left join
(
select * from ods_activity_order where dt='2020-03-10'
)act
on log.order_id=act.order_id
)new
on old.id=new.id;
复制代码

6）查询加载结果

select * from dwd_fact_order_info where dt='2020-03-10';
复制代码

1.1.14 用户维度表（拉链表）

用户表中的数据每日既有可能新增，也有可能修改，但修改频率并不高，属于缓慢变化
维度，此处采用拉链表存储用户维度数据

1）什么是拉链表



2）为什么要做拉链表





3）拉链表形成过程



4）拉链表制作过程图



5）拉链表制作过程

步骤 0：初始化拉链表（首次独立执行）

（1）建立拉链表

drop table if exists dwd_dim_user_info_his;
create external table dwd_dim_user_info_his(
`id` string COMMENT '用户 id',
`name` string COMMENT '姓名',
`birthday` string COMMENT '生日',
`gender` string COMMENT '性别',
`email` string COMMENT '邮箱',
`user_level` string COMMENT '用户等级',
`create_time` string COMMENT '创建时间',
`operate_time` string COMMENT '操作时间',
`start_date` string COMMENT '有效开始日期',
`end_date` string COMMENT '有效结束日期'
) COMMENT '订单拉链表'
stored as parquet
location '/warehouse/gmall/dwd/dwd_dim_user_info_his/'
tblproperties ("parquet.compression"="lzo");
复制代码

（2）初始化拉链表

insert overwrite table dwd_dim_user_info_his
select
id,
name,
birthday,
gender,
email,
user_level,
create_time,
operate_time,
'2020-03-10',
'9999-99-99'
from ods_user_info oi
where oi.dt='2020-03-10';
复制代码

步骤 1：制作当日变动数据（包括新增，修改）每日执行

（1）如何获得每日变动表

• a.最好表内有创建时间和变动时间（Lucky!）
• b.如果没有，可以利用第三方工具监控比如 canal，监控 MySQL 的实时变化进行记录（麻烦）
• c.逐行对比前后两天的数据，检查 md5(concat(全部有可能变化的字段))是否相同(low)
• d.要求业务数据库提供变动流水（人品，颜值）
  

（2）因为 ods_order_info 本身导入过来就是新增变动明细的表，所以不用处理

• a）数据库中新增 2020-03-11 一天的数据
• b）通过 Sqoop 把 2020-03-11 日所有数据导入mysqlTohdfs.sh all 2020-03-11
• c）ods 层数据导入hdfs_to_ods_db.sh all 2020-03-11
  

步骤 2：先合并变动信息，再追加新增信息，插入到临时表中

1）建立临时表

drop table if exists dwd_dim_user_info_his_tmp;
create external table dwd_dim_user_info_his_tmp(
`id` string COMMENT '用户 id',
`name` string COMMENT '姓名',
`birthday` string COMMENT '生日',
`gender` string COMMENT '性别',
`email` string COMMENT '邮箱',
`user_level` string COMMENT '用户等级',
`create_time` string COMMENT '创建时间',
`operate_time` string COMMENT '操作时间',
`start_date` string COMMENT '有效开始日期',
`end_date` string COMMENT '有效结束日期'
) COMMENT '订单拉链临时表'
stored as parquet
location '/warehouse/gmall/dwd/dwd_dim_user_info_his_tmp/'
tblproperties ("parquet.compression"="lzo");
复制代码

2）导入脚本

insert overwrite table dwd_dim_user_info_his_tmp
select * from
(
select
id,
name,
birthday,
gender,
email,
user_level,
create_time,
operate_time,
'2020-03-11' start_date,
'9999-99-99' end_date
from ods_user_info where dt='2020-03-11'
union all
select
uh.id,
uh.name,
uh.birthday,
uh.gender,
uh.email,
uh.user_level,
uh.create_time,
uh.operate_time,
uh.start_date,
if(ui.id is not null and uh.end_date='9999-99-99', date_add(ui.dt,-1),
uh.end_date) end_date
from dwd_dim_user_info_his uh left join
(
select
*
from ods_user_info
where dt='2020-03-11'
) ui on uh.id=ui.id
)his
order by his.id, start_date;
复制代码

步骤 3：把临时表覆盖给拉链表

1）导入数据

insert overwrite table dwd_dim_user_info_his
select * from dwd_dim_user_info_his_tmp;
复制代码

2）查询导入数据

select id, start_date, end_date from dwd_dim_user_info_his;
复制代码

1.1.15 DWD 层数据导入脚本

1）vim ods_to_dwd_db.sh

#!/bin/bash
APP=gmall
hive=/opt/modules/hive/bin/hive
# 如果是输入的日期按照取输入日期；如果没输入日期取当前时间的前一天
if [ -n "$2" ] ;then
do_date=$2
else
do_date=`date -d "-1 day" +%F`
fi
sql1="
set hive.exec.dynamic.partition.mode=nonstrict;

insert overwrite table ${APP}.dwd_dim_sku_info partition(dt='$do_date')
select
sku.id,
sku.spu_id,
sku.price,
sku.sku_name,
sku.sku_desc,
sku.weight,
sku.tm_id,
ob.tm_name,
sku.category3_id,
c2.id category2_id,
c1.id category1_id,
c3.name category3_name,
c2.name category2_name,
c1.name category1_name,
spu.spu_name,
sku.create_time
from
(
select * from ${APP}.ods_sku_info where dt='$do_date'
)sku
join
(
select * from ${APP}.ods_base_trademark where dt='$do_date'
)ob on sku.tm_id=ob.tm_id
join
(
select * from ${APP}.ods_spu_info where dt='$do_date'
)spu on spu.id = sku.spu_id
join
(
select * from ${APP}.ods_base_category3 where dt='$do_date'
)c3 on sku.category3_id=c3.id
join
(
select * from ${APP}.ods_base_category2 where dt='$do_date'
)c2 on c3.category2_id=c2.id
join
(
select * from ${APP}.ods_base_category1 where dt='$do_date'
)c1 on c2.category1_id=c1.id;


insert overwrite table ${APP}.dwd_dim_coupon_info partition(dt='$do_date')
select
id,
coupon_name,
coupon_type,
condition_amount,
condition_num,
activity_id,
benefit_amount,
benefit_discount,
create_time,
range_type,
spu_id,
tm_id,
category3_id,
limit_num,
operate_time,
expire_time
from ${APP}.ods_coupon_info
where dt='$do_date';


insert overwrite table ${APP}.dwd_dim_activity_info partition(dt='$do_date')
select
info.id,
info.activity_name,
info.activity_type,
rule.condition_amount,
rule.condition_num,
rule.benefit_amount,
rule.benefit_discount,
rule.benefit_level,
info.start_time,
info.end_time,
info.create_time
from
(
select * from ${APP}.ods_activity_info where dt='$do_date'
)info
left join
(
select * from ${APP}.ods_activity_rule where dt='$do_date'
)rule on info.id = rule.activity_id;


insert overwrite table ${APP}.dwd_fact_order_detail partition(dt='$do_date')
select
od.id,
od.order_id,
od.user_id,
od.sku_id,
od.sku_name,
od.order_price,
od.sku_num,
od.create_time,
oi.province_id,
od.order_price*od.sku_num
from
(
select * from ${APP}.ods_order_detail where dt='$do_date'
) od
join
(
select * from ${APP}.ods_order_info where dt='$do_date'
) oi
on od.order_id=oi.id;


insert overwrite table ${APP}.dwd_fact_payment_info partition(dt='$do_date')
select
pi.id,
pi.out_trade_no,
pi.order_id,
pi.user_id,
pi.alipay_trade_no,
pi.total_amount,
pi.subject,
pi.payment_type,
pi.payment_time,
oi.province_id
from
(
select * from ${APP}.ods_payment_info where dt='$do_date'
)pi
join
(
select id, province_id from ${APP}.ods_order_info where dt='$do_date'
)oi
on pi.order_id = oi.id;


insert overwrite table ${APP}.dwd_fact_order_refund_info partition(dt='$do_date')
select
id,
user_id,
order_id,
sku_id,
refund_type,
refund_num,
refund_amount,
refund_reason_type,
create_time
from ${APP}.ods_order_refund_info
where dt='$do_date';


insert overwrite table ${APP}.dwd_fact_comment_info partition(dt='$do_date')
select
id,
user_id,
sku_id,
spu_id,
order_id,
appraise,
create_time
from ${APP}.ods_comment_info
where dt='$do_date';


insert overwrite table ${APP}.dwd_fact_cart_info partition(dt='$do_date')
select
id,
user_id,
sku_id,
cart_price,
sku_num,
sku_name,
create_time,
operate_time,
is_ordered,
order_time
from ${APP}.ods_cart_info
where dt='$do_date';


insert overwrite table ${APP}.dwd_fact_favor_info partition(dt='$do_date')
select
id,
user_id,
sku_id,
spu_id,
is_cancel,
create_time,
cancel_time
from ${APP}.ods_favor_info
where dt='$do_date';


insert overwrite table ${APP}.dwd_fact_coupon_use partition(dt)
select
if(new.id is null,old.id,new.id),
if(new.coupon_id is null,old.coupon_id,new.coupon_id),
if(new.user_id is null,old.user_id,new.user_id),
if(new.order_id is null,old.order_id,new.order_id),
if(new.coupon_status is null,old.coupon_status,new.coupon_status),
if(new.get_time is null,old.get_time,new.get_time),
if(new.using_time is null,old.using_time,new.using_time),
if(new.used_time is null,old.used_time,new.used_time),
date_format(if(new.get_time is null,old.get_time,new.get_time),'yyyy-MM-dd')
from
(
select
id,
coupon_id,
user_id,
order_id,
coupon_status,
get_time,
using_time,
used_time
from ${APP}.dwd_fact_coupon_use
where dt in
(
select
date_format(get_time,'yyyy-MM-dd')
from ${APP}.ods_coupon_use
where dt='$do_date'
)
)old
full outer join
(
select
id,
coupon_id,
user_id,
order_id,
coupon_status,
get_time,
using_time,
used_time
from ${APP}.ods_coupon_use
where dt='$do_date'
)new
on old.id=new.id;


insert overwrite table ${APP}.dwd_fact_order_info partition(dt)
select
if(new.id is null,old.id,new.id),
if(new.order_status is null,old.order_status,new.order_status),
if(new.user_id is null,old.user_id,new.user_id),
if(new.out_trade_no is null,old.out_trade_no,new.out_trade_no),
if(new.tms['1001'] is null,old.create_time,new.tms['1001']),--1001 对应未支付状态
if(new.tms['1002'] is null,old.payment_time,new.tms['1002']),
if(new.tms['1003'] is null,old.cancel_time,new.tms['1003']),
if(new.tms['1004'] is null,old.finish_time,new.tms['1004']),
if(new.tms['1005'] is null,old.refund_time,new.tms['1005']),
if(new.tms['1006'] is null,old.refund_finish_time,new.tms['1006']),
if(new.province_id is null,old.province_id,new.province_id),
if(new.activity_id is null,old.activity_id,new.activity_id),
if(new.original_total_amount is
null,old.original_total_amount,new.original_total_amount),
if(new.benefit_reduce_amount is
null,old.benefit_reduce_amount,new.benefit_reduce_amount),
if(new.feight_fee is null,old.feight_fee,new.feight_fee),
if(new.final_total_amount is
null,old.final_total_amount,new.final_total_amount),
date_format(if(new.tms['1001'] is
null,old.create_time,new.tms['1001']),'yyyy-MM-dd')
from
(
select
id,
order_status,
user_id,
out_trade_no,
create_time,
payment_time,
cancel_time,
finish_time,
refund_time,
refund_finish_time,
province_id,
activity_id,
original_total_amount,
benefit_reduce_amount,
feight_fee,
final_total_amount
from ${APP}.dwd_fact_order_info
where dt
in
(
select
date_format(create_time,'yyyy-MM-dd')
from ${APP}.ods_order_info
where dt='$do_date'
)
)old
full outer join
(
select
info.id,
info.order_status,
info.user_id,
info.out_trade_no,
info.province_id,
act.activity_id,
log.tms,
info.original_total_amount,
info.benefit_reduce_amount,
info.feight_fee,
info.final_total_amount
from
(
select
order_id,
str_to_map(concat_ws(',',collect_set(concat(order_status,'=',operate_time))),',','
=') tms
from ${APP}.ods_order_status_log
where dt='$do_date'
group by order_id
)log
join
(
select * from ${APP}.ods_order_info where dt='$do_date'
)info
on log.order_id=info.id
left join
(
select * from ${APP}.ods_activity_order where dt='$do_date'
)act
on log.order_id=act.order_id
)new
on old.id=new.id;


insert overwrite table ${APP}.dwd_dim_user_info_his_tmp
select * from
(
select
id,
name,
birthday,
gender,
email,
user_level,
create_time,
operate_time,
'$do_date' start_date,
'9999-99-99' end_date
from ${APP}.ods_user_info where dt='$do_date'
union all
select
uh.id,
uh.name,
uh.birthday,
uh.gender,
uh.email,
uh.user_level,
uh.create_time,
uh.operate_time,
uh.start_date,
if(ui.id is not null and uh.end_date='9999-99-99', date_add(ui.dt,-1),
uh.end_date) end_date
from ${APP}.dwd_dim_user_info_his uh left join
(
select
*
from ${APP}.ods_user_info
where dt='$do_date'
) ui on uh.id=ui.id
)his
order by his.id, start_date;


insert overwrite table ${APP}.dwd_dim_user_info_his select * from
${APP}.dwd_dim_user_info_his_tmp;
"

sql2="
insert overwrite table ${APP}.dwd_dim_base_province
select
bp.id,
bp.name,
bp.area_code,
bp.iso_code,
bp.region_id,
br.region_name
from ${APP}.ods_base_province bp
join ${APP}.ods_base_region br
on bp.region_id=br.id;
"

case $1 in
"first"){
$hive -e "$sql1"
$hive -e "$sql2"
};;
"all"){
$hive -e "$sql1"
};;
esac
复制代码

2）增加脚本执行权限

chmod 770 ods_to_dwd_db.sh
复制代码

3）执行脚本导入数据

ods_to_dwd_db.sh all 2020-03-11
复制代码

4）查看导入数据

select * from dwd_fact_order_info where dt='2020-03-11';
select * from dwd_fact_order_detail where dt='2020-03-11';
select * from dwd_fact_comment_info where dt='2020-03-11';
select * from dwd_fact_order_refund_info where dt='2020-03-11';
复制代码

结束语

本章着重介绍了DWD层的业务数据的搭建流程，自此，DWD层搭建完成，下章开启DWS层的搭建！！！




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