本帖最后由 pig2 于 2014-10-31 00:18 编辑
问题导读
1、使用热迁移,有什么好处?
2、如果实例处于错误的状态,迁移怎么实现?
3、VM迁移,是根据什么来检索libvirt域对象的?
话说虚机迁移分为冷迁移以及热迁移,所谓热迁移用度娘的话说即是:热迁移(Live Migration,又叫动态迁移、实时迁移),即虚机保存/恢复(Save/Restore):将整个虚拟机的运行状态完整保存下来,同时可以快速的恢复到原有硬件平台甚至是不同硬件平台上。恢复以后,虚机仍旧平滑运行,用户不会察觉到任何差异。OpenStack的虚机迁移是基于Libvirt实现的,下面来看看Openstack虚机热迁移的具体代码实现。
首先,由API入口进入到nova/api/openstack/compute/contrib/admin_actions.py
- @wsgi.action('os-migrateLive')
- def _migrate_live(self, req, id, body):
- """Permit admins to (live) migrate a server to a new host."""
- context = req.environ["nova.context"]
- authorize(context, 'migrateLive')
-
- try:
- block_migration = body["os-migrateLive"]["block_migration"]
- disk_over_commit = body["os-migrateLive"]["disk_over_commit"]
- host = body["os-migrateLive"]["host"]
- except (TypeError, KeyError):
- msg = _("host, block_migration and disk_over_commit must "
- "be specified for live migration.")
- raise exc.HTTPBadRequest(explanation=msg)
-
- try:
- block_migration = strutils.bool_from_string(block_migration,
- strict=True)
- disk_over_commit = strutils.bool_from_string(disk_over_commit,
- strict=True)
- except ValueError as err:
- raise exc.HTTPBadRequest(explanation=str(err))
-
- try:
- instance = self.compute_api.get(context, id, want_objects=True)
- self.compute_api.live_migrate(context, instance, block_migration,
- disk_over_commit, host)
- except (exception.ComputeServiceUnavailable,
- exception.InvalidHypervisorType,
- exception.UnableToMigrateToSelf,
- exception.DestinationHypervisorTooOld,
- exception.NoValidHost,
- exception.InvalidLocalStorage,
- exception.InvalidSharedStorage,
- exception.MigrationPreCheckError) as ex:
- raise exc.HTTPBadRequest(explanation=ex.format_message())
- except exception.InstanceNotFound as e:
- raise exc.HTTPNotFound(explanation=e.format_message())
- except exception.InstanceInvalidState as state_error:
- common.raise_http_conflict_for_instance_invalid_state(state_error,
- 'os-migrateLive')
- except Exception:
- if host is None:
- msg = _("Live migration of instance %s to another host "
- "failed") % id
- else:
- msg = _("Live migration of instance %(id)s to host %(host)s "
- "failed") % {'id': id, 'host': host}
- LOG.exception(msg)
- # Return messages from scheduler
- raise exc.HTTPBadRequest(explanation=msg)
-
- return webob.Response(status_int=202)
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这里第一行可以看到是与API文档的第二行照应的:
- {
- "os-migrateLive": {
- "host": "0443e9a1254044d8b99f35eace132080",
- "block_migration": false,
- "disk_over_commit": false
- }
- }
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好了,源码中其实执行迁移工作的就是第26、27行的一条语句:
- self.compute_api.live_migrate(context, instance, block_migration,
- disk_over_commit, host)
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由这句进入到nova/compute/api.py中,源码如下:
- @check_instance_cell
- @check_instance_state(vm_state=[vm_states.ACTIVE])
- def live_migrate(self, context, instance, block_migration,
- disk_over_commit, host_name):
- """Migrate a server lively to a new host."""
- LOG.debug(_("Going to try to live migrate instance to %s"),
- host_name or "another host", instance=instance)
-
- instance.task_state = task_states.MIGRATING
- instance.save(expected_task_state=[None])
-
- self.compute_task_api.live_migrate_instance(context, instance,
- host_name, block_migration=block_migration,
- disk_over_commit=disk_over_commit)
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第2行是一个装饰器,用于在进入API方法之前,检测虚拟机和/或任务的状态, 如果实例处于错误的状态,将会引发异常;接下来实时迁移虚机到新的主机,并将虚机状态置于“migrating”,然后由12行进入nova/conductor/api.py
- def live_migrate_instance(self, context, instance, host_name,
- scheduler_hint = {'host': host_name}
- self._manager.migrate_server(
- context, instance, scheduler_hint, True, False, None,
- block_migration, disk_over_commit, None)
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将主机名存入字典scheduler_hint中,然后调用nova/conductor/manager.py方法migrate_server,
- def migrate_server(self, context, instance, scheduler_hint, live, rebuild,
- flavor, block_migration, disk_over_commit, reservations=None):
- if instance and not isinstance(instance, instance_obj.Instance):
- # NOTE(danms): Until v2 of the RPC API, we need to tolerate
- # old-world instance objects here
- attrs = ['metadata', 'system_metadata', 'info_cache',
- 'security_groups']
- instance = instance_obj.Instance._from_db_object(
- context, instance_obj.Instance(), instance,
- expected_attrs=attrs)
- if live and not rebuild and not flavor:
- self._live_migrate(context, instance, scheduler_hint,
- block_migration, disk_over_commit)
- elif not live and not rebuild and flavor:
- instance_uuid = instance['uuid']
- with compute_utils.EventReporter(context, self.db,
- 'cold_migrate', instance_uuid):
- self._cold_migrate(context, instance, flavor,
- scheduler_hint['filter_properties'],
- reservations)
- else:
- raise NotImplementedError()
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由于在nova/conductor/api.py中传过来的参数是
- self._manager.migrate_server(
- context, instance, scheduler_hint, True, False, None,
- block_migration, disk_over_commit, None)
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因此live是True,rebuild是Flase,flavor是None,执行第12、13行代码:
- if live and not rebuild and not flavor:
- self._live_migrate(context, instance, scheduler_hint,
- block_migration, disk_over_commit)
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_live_migrate代码如下:
- def _live_migrate(self, context, instance, scheduler_hint,
- block_migration, disk_over_commit):
- destination = scheduler_hint.get("host")
- try:
- live_migrate.execute(context, instance, destination,
- block_migration, disk_over_commit)
- except (exception.NoValidHost,
- exception.ComputeServiceUnavailable,
- exception.InvalidHypervisorType,
- exception.InvalidCPUInfo,
- exception.UnableToMigrateToSelf,
- exception.DestinationHypervisorTooOld,
- exception.InvalidLocalStorage,
- exception.InvalidSharedStorage,
- exception.HypervisorUnavailable,
- exception.MigrationPreCheckError) as ex:
- with excutils.save_and_reraise_exception():
- #TODO(johngarbutt) - eventually need instance actions here
- request_spec = {'instance_properties': {
- 'uuid': instance['uuid'], },
- }
- scheduler_utils.set_vm_state_and_notify(context,
- 'compute_task', 'migrate_server',
- dict(vm_state=instance['vm_state'],
- task_state=None,
- expected_task_state=task_states.MIGRATING,),
- ex, request_spec, self.db)
- except Exception as ex:
- LOG.error(_('Migration of instance %(instance_id)s to host'
- ' %(dest)s unexpectedly failed.'),
- {'instance_id': instance['uuid'], 'dest': destination},
- exc_info=True)
- raise exception.MigrationError(reason=ex)
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首先,第三行中将主机名赋给destination,然后执行迁移,后面的都是异常的捕捉,执行迁移的代码分为两部分,先看第一部分,在nova/conductor/tasks/live_migrate.py的184行左右:
- def execute(context, instance, destination,
- block_migration, disk_over_commit):
- task = LiveMigrationTask(context, instance,
- destination,
- block_migration,
- disk_over_commit)
- #TODO(johngarbutt) create a superclass that contains a safe_execute call
- return task.execute()
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先创建包含安全执行回调的超类,然后返回如下函数也即执行迁移的第二部分代码,在54行左右:
- def execute(self):
- self._check_instance_is_running()
- self._check_host_is_up(self.source)
-
- if not self.destination:
- self.destination = self._find_destination()
- else:
- self._check_requested_destination()
-
- #TODO(johngarbutt) need to move complexity out of compute manager
- return self.compute_rpcapi.live_migration(self.context,
- host=self.source,
- instance=self.instance,
- dest=self.destination,
- block_migration=self.block_migration,
- migrate_data=self.migrate_data)
- #TODO(johngarbutt) disk_over_commit?
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这里有三部分内容:
如果目前主机不存在,则由调度算法选取一个目标主机,并且进行相关的检测,确保能够进行实时迁移操作;
如果目标主机存在,则直接进行相关的检测操作,确保能够进行实时迁移操作;
执行迁移操作。
前两部分不再赘述,直接看第三部分代码,在nova/compute/rpcapi.py中:
- def live_migration(self, ctxt, instance, dest, block_migration, host,
- migrate_data=None):
- # NOTE(russellb) Havana compat
- version = self._get_compat_version('3.0', '2.0')
- instance_p = jsonutils.to_primitive(instance)
- cctxt = self.client.prepare(server=host, version=version)
- cctxt.cast(ctxt, 'live_migration', instance=instance_p,
- dest=dest, block_migration=block_migration,
- migrate_data=migrate_data)
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热迁移开始执行:
- def live_migration(self, context, instance, dest,
- post_method, recover_method, block_migration=False,
- migrate_data=None):
- """Spawning live_migration operation for distributing high-load.
-
- :param context: security context
- :param instance:
- nova.db.sqlalchemy.models.Instance object
- instance object that is migrated.
- :param dest: destination host
- :param post_method:
- post operation method.
- expected nova.compute.manager.post_live_migration.
- :param recover_method:
- recovery method when any exception occurs.
- expected nova.compute.manager.recover_live_migration.
- :param block_migration: if true, do block migration.
- :param migrate_data: implementation specific params
-
- """
-
- greenthread.spawn(self._live_migration, context, instance, dest,
- post_method, recover_method, block_migration,
- migrate_data)
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这个方法中建立一个绿色线程来运行方法_live_migration,来执行实时迁移; 主要是调用libvirt python接口方法virDomainMigrateToURI,来实现从当前主机迁移domain对象到给定的目标主机;
spawn:建立一个绿色线程来运行方法“func(*args, **kwargs)”,这里就是来运行方法_live_migration;
_live_migration:执行实时迁移; 主要是调用libvirt python接口方法virDomainMigrateToURI,来实现从当前主机迁移domain对象到给定的目标主机;
接着在绿色线程中调用_live_migration方法:
- def _live_migration(self, context, instance, dest, post_method,
- recover_method, block_migration=False,
- migrate_data=None):
- """Do live migration.
-
- :param context: security context
- :param instance:
- nova.db.sqlalchemy.models.Instance object
- instance object that is migrated.
- :param dest: destination host
- :param post_method:
- post operation method.
- expected nova.compute.manager.post_live_migration.
- :param recover_method:
- recovery method when any exception occurs.
- expected nova.compute.manager.recover_live_migration.
- :param block_migration: if true, do block migration.
- :param migrate_data: implementation specific params
- """
- # Do live migration.
- try:
- if block_migration:
- flaglist = CONF.libvirt.block_migration_flag.split(',')
- else:
- flaglist = CONF.libvirt.live_migration_flag.split(',')
- flagvals = [getattr(libvirt, x.strip()) for x in flaglist]
- logical_sum = reduce(lambda x, y: x | y, flagvals)
-
- dom = self._lookup_by_name(instance["name"])
- dom.migrateToURI(CONF.libvirt.live_migration_uri % dest,
- logical_sum,
- None,
- CONF.libvirt.live_migration_bandwidth)
-
- except Exception as e:
- with excutils.save_and_reraise_exception():
- LOG.error(_("Live Migration failure: %s"), e,
- instance=instance)
- recover_method(context, instance, dest, block_migration)
-
- # Waiting for completion of live_migration.
- timer = loopingcall.FixedIntervalLoopingCall(f=None)
-
- if block_migration:
- flaglist = CONF.libvirt.block_migration_flag.split(',')
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这个获取块迁移标志列表,block_migration_flag:这个参数定义了为块迁移设置迁移标志。
- else:
- flaglist = CONF.libvirt.live_migration_flag.split(',')
- flagvals = [getattr(libvirt, x.strip()) for x in flaglist]
- logical_sum = reduce(lambda x, y: x | y, flagvals)
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这部分获取实时迁移标志列表,live_migration_flag这个参数定义了实时迁移的迁移标志。
- dom = self._lookup_by_name(instance["name"])
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根据给定的实例名称检索libvirt域对象。
- timer = loopingcall.FixedIntervalLoopingCall(f=None)
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获取等待完成实时迁移的时间。
热迁移代码部分至此结束。
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